In what year did the ISM become applicable for passenger vessels?

The International Safety Management (ISM) Code began to apply to passenger vessels in July 1998. This was a significant milestone in maritime safety management, as the ISM Code was designed to ensure safety at sea, prevent human injury or loss of life, and avoid environmental damage. The implementation of this code required ship operators to establish a Safety Management System (SMS) that outlines responsibilities, procedures, and operational protocols to enhance safety and efficiency onboard.

The requirements established in 1998 highlighted the maritime industry’s response to increasing safety concerns and accidents involving passenger vessels. The ISM Code's framework also fostered a culture of safety and accountability in ship operations. Thus, the correct answer aligns with the specific year when the regulations came into effect for passenger ships, marking the formal recognition of the need for structured safety management in the maritime industry.